Tiêu chuẩn nước sinh hoạt là gì?

Water is closely linked to human life, but nowadays it is increasingly polluted due to different reasons. So how do we know it is a guaranteed water source? Follow hockinhdoanh.edu.vn’s following article for reference on domestic water standards.

I. What is domestic water?

Domestic water is water used to serve daily needs such as bathing, washing, washing, cooking, etc. but is usually not used for drinking directly but must be boiled.

What is domestic water?

II. Commonly used types of domestic water sources

1. Underground water source or drilled well or dug well

• Drilled well water: this is water located deep underground and thanks to human activities from the ground to underground water sources (created by water from the ground seeping into the ground and having to go through hundreds of new water sources). formation) that it is put into use. However, this type of source often contains elements that are difficult to control, and the quality depends on each drilled water vein.
• Dug well water: similar to drilled well water, but instead of being drilled, people dig up the soil and the depth is usually shallower.

2. Rain water

• Many households, especially in rural areas, often store rainwater to serve daily needs. But with pollution being a hot issue today, especially acid rain phenomena, the quality of this water source is not guaranteed.

Some places have used rainwater as a source of drinking water

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3. Treated tap water from the water plant

• Often used in urban areas, some suburban areas and provinces.
• Supply water is underground water that goes through a factory treatment system, usually by coarse filtration through sedimentation tanks and iron removal and disinfection to supply to residential households.
• This water source is often tested for quality and must meet domestic water standards according to regulations of the Ministry of Health.

III. Current status of domestic water sources

• The pollution problem is serious, causing domestic water sources to be threatened. Many places around the world often experience shortages and scarcity of clean water, especially in dry and sunny areas. prolonged heat.
• In some places, the phenomenon of domestic water being contaminated with alum, salinity and its composition contains many dangerous pathogens, especially diseases related to the digestive tract, respiratory tract, skin and eyes,…
• One of the main causes leading to this situation is the economic development of industrial parks, export processing zones, etc., discharging untreated wastewater into rivers and lakes. Besides, there are people’s indiscriminate and unplanned dumping of trash.

Many water sources are polluted, leading to water shortages

IV. Some regulations issued by the Ministry of Health on domestic water standards

1. The role of domestic water standards

• According to QCVN domestic water QCVN 02:2009/BYT, Domestic water quality standards are regulations on limit criteria for assessing the quality of water used for normal domestic use. This standard does not include use for drinking water. Drink directly, process food at processing facilities.
• Based on them, authorities can evaluate and check the quality of water sources and determine standards in building factories and water supply stations.
• In addition, the latest domestic wastewater standards are also a basis for consumers to self-check and evaluate the quality of water sources that their families are using in daily activities.

2. Some domestic water standards issued by the Ministry of Health

2.1. Standard QCVN 02:2009/BYT

• This is the domestic water standard applicable to water used in normal daily activities and at food processing facilities for processing.
• Applicable subjects: agencies, organizations, individuals and households that exploit and trade this product. This includes centralized water supply facilities used for domestic purposes (with a capacity of 1000 m3/day and night or more).

2.2. Standard QCVN 01:2009/BYT

• Application: water used for drinking and cooking purposes
• Subjects of application: for organizations, individuals, and households that exploit and trade drinking water. Including centralized water supply facilities for domestic purposes (with capacity of 1000 m3/day and night or more)

2.3. Vietnam domestic water supply standards 6-1:2010/BYT

• Application: water sources used for direct drinking. Specifically, the latest water supply standard QCVN 01:2009/BYT has been prescribed for city factory water sources (including 109 indicators).
• In addition, Circular 41/2018/tt-byt was also issued to supplement standards for monitoring the quality of water used for domestic purposes.

Domestic water standards serve as a basis for evaluating and checking the quality of water sources

V. Learn about criteria for assessing domestic water quality

Some criteria are specified in the quality criteria limit table according to QCVN 01:2009/BYT such as:

No	Target	Unit	Maximum allowable limit
I) Sensory criteria and inorganic ingredients
1	Color	TCU	15
2	Taste	–	No strange smell or taste
3	Turbidity	NTU	2
4	pH	–	In the range of 6.5 – 8.5
5	Hardness (calculated as CaCO3)	mg/l	300
6	Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)	mg/l	1000
7	Al content	mg/l	0.2
8	Ammonium	mg/l	3
9	Antimony	mg/l	0.005
10	Arsenic	mg/l	0.01
11	Barium	mg/l	0.7
12	Boron content (calculated for both borate and boric acid)	mg/l	0.3
13	Cadmium	mg/l	0.003
14	Chloride (sensory criteria)	mg/l	250 300 (applies to coastal areas and islands)
15	Chromium	mg/l	0.05
16	Cyanide	mg/l	0.07
17	Flo	mg/l	1.5
18	Total iron (Fe2+ + Fe3+)	mg/l	0.3
19	Manganese	mg/l	0.3
20	Nitrate	mg/l	50
21	Nitrite	mg/l	3
22	Sodium	mg/l	200
23	General copper	mg/l	1
24	Nickel	mg/l	0.02
25	Amount of zinc	mg/l	3
26	Sulfate	mg/l	250

VI. Measures to keep water sources meeting domestic water standards

For polluted water sources that do not meet domestic water standards, users can use water filtration systems to help filter out harmful impurities.

For water sources that have met standards but can still be at risk of re-contamination because they are left in the environment for a long time or stored in underground water surfaces, they are easily contaminated with toxic bacteria and have a negative impact on the health. user’s health. Therefore, we need to note:

1. Environmental hygiene

• Do not throw trash indiscriminately, especially in ponds, lakes, rivers and streams. It is necessary to collect and classify waste according to regulations.
• You should not wash food, wash rice and bathe with lake water.
• Regularly clean inside and around the house, clean barns and residential areas, collect and treat waste, and kill flies, mosquitoes, cockroaches, and mice at home and in public places.
• For people in flooded areas, after the water recedes, it is necessary to quickly disinfect with specialized chemicals according to safety instructions to prevent disease. Do not destroy water pipes to avoid infectious agents from entering domestic water.

2. Body hygiene

• You need to wash your hands with soap before eating and after going to the toilet, regularly maintain personal hygiene, and help prevent water pollution.

3. Keep well water clean

• The location of drilled or dug water wells must be 10m or more away from toilets, waste discharge and wastewater treatment systems and have a high platform and closed lid.
• Do not leave polluting factors such as chemicals, detergents, lubricants and pesticides, etc. near the well area.
• Well yards paved with bricks or cement must have drainage pipes with a moderate slope, leading away or leading to wastewater seepage holes. Clean regularly to avoid slipping.
• Water source cleaning can be done using rain rigs and filter tanks.

How to keep domestic water sources always up to standard?

Above are some domestic water standards set by the Ministry of Health that hockinhdoanh.edu.vn has compiled. We hope that through the article, readers will have an overview of this issue and keep the water source always up to standard and guaranteed. health for yourself and those around you. Visit eghockinhdoanh.edu.vn to read more useful information.

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